The blood pressure , which one of medicine as a pressure vessel is called in, the pressure in the blood vessels and the heart prevails. The pressure generated by the heartbeat, blood transport in heart and vessels. It is important to maintain blood circulation in the body and thus the organism can be supplied with oxygen. The blood circulation must always be sufficient so that the body gets enough oxygen. Through a balanced blood pressure, this can be ensured.
Measured the blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or kilopascals (kPa). A value of 120/80 mmHg is an ideal blood pressure. Depending on the blood pressure of vascular tone (active tension of the blood vessels), vascular wall elasticity and the so-called cardiac output and cardiac output (CO) is.
When blood pressure is a distinction between the systolic (upper) value and the diastolic (bottom) blood pressure value. pulls together the heart and pressed while blood from the left main chamber, there is a transfer of the forming pressure on the aorta (main artery) and the other arterioles and arteries . This pressure, which is the first value of the blood pressure is called systolic pressure. Once the heart is relaxed again, there is a lessening of pressure in the blood vessels, which is called diastolic pressure, reflecting to a second value of the measurement of blood pressure. Another value is the mean pressure, which forms the mean between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure and is a measure of the quality of the blood flow to the organs.
The regulation of blood pressure is through the blood-pressure centers in the hypothalamus are, the spinal cord and the medulla (medulla oblongata). In addition, also affect many hormones such as adrenaline, histamine, insulin or thyroid nhormone blood pressure centers. Therefore, may be hormonal disorders, such as a thyroid- or sub-function effect on blood pressure. Another effect of blood pressure is possible by the salt balance. By a high concentration of salt, the blood volume in the blood increased, a stronger result has the beating of the heart. Due to a sustained high consumption of salt can lead to a permanently elevated blood pressure occur.
In general, the blood pressure depends on the diet, body weight and age. Thus increased with age, blood pressure normally. It can also through everyday situations such as physical and psychological stress or a high coffee consumption fluctuations in blood pressure occur, but again subside soon and no reason for concern. In the case of prolonged blood pressure fluctuations, however, should a doctor be consulted so that the exact cause can be determined.
To measure blood pressure, blood pressure, a special apparatus is used. are easy to use devices are also available for home use. Due to the level of blood pressure, the examining physician to determine certain diseases.
